What Is an IP Address and How Does It Work?

An IP address is a numerical label assigned to every device on a network. IPv4 addresses look like 192.168.1.1, using 32 bits to create about 4.3 billion unique addresses. IPv6 uses 128 bits, providing approximately 340 undecillion addresses. Your public IP is assigned by your ISP and reveals your approximate geographic location, typically accurate to the city level. It does not reveal your exact address, name, or personal identity. When you visit a website, your IP is logged in server records. Websites use IP geolocation to serve localized content, comply with regional regulations, and detect fraud. Your IP changes when you reconnect to your ISP or use a VPN.